Nepal

Lenin, the Great

NCP Marshal, Mohan Bikram Singh, 

The great and historical importance of Lenin lies in the fact that the first socialist revolution in the history of humanity succeeded under his leadership. In the absence of such background, Marxism would have remained just an imaginary subject. Lenin's role can be compared with the great philosopher Plato. In the absence of Plato's role, Socrates would not have achieved that importance in the field of philosophy. The same is the case regarding Marx too. Without Lenin's revolutionary role, Marxism would not have gained that height of importance. However, Lenin's importance is not limited only to the fact that the socialist revolution happened first under his leadership by way of creative development in the field of ideology, but also because of rendering high importance to Marxism. This is why Lenin can be compared with the great philosopher Plato.

Marxism developed in highly developed capitalistic countries. Anti-Marxists were of the view that a socialist revolution was not possible in a country like Russia, which was lagging in the development of capitalism. However, in that distinct situation too, Lenin succeeded in carrying out the socialist revolution by way of the creative development of Marxism. Later,Mao Zedongfurther brought height to the creative development of Marxism developed by Lenin by carrying out the socialist revolution in a semi-colonial and semi-feudal undeveloped country in terms of capitalistic development. So, Marxism, Leninism, andMao Zedong thought are the three landmarks in the socialist movement.

During Marx's time, capitalism was in a competitive stage, and later it took the form of imperialism in Lenin's time. In that condition, some scholars claimed that because of the imperialist form, capitalism had risen above the internal contradiction, giving stability to the situation. However, Lenin argued that capitalism needed a market more acutely in the stage of imperialism, leading to inner conflict among the imperialist forces. The First and Second World Wars broke out because of the same internal conflict and contradiction among the imperialist countries. Lenin's definition of imperialism helps us understand the character of imperialism in the present globalization. Now too same internal conflict among the imperialist forces is responsible for the growing danger of the Third World War or atomic war too. Imperialism has been trying to turn democratic systems into fascist ones, and this trend is growing worldwide. We can and should prevent such a trend by way of increasing the movement of solidarity worldwide against imperialism and fascism. The future of humanity depends on such a movement against fascism and imperialism.

It is widely known that dialectics holds great importance in Marxist philosophy, though it is not the origin principle of Marx. He has taken dialectics from Hegel. Hegel's dialectics was idealistic. Marx gave it materialist form and then propounded materialistic dialectics and implemented the same principle in the interpretation of history and study of the society. And it is called historical materialism. Lenin successfully used Marx's principles mainly in the communist movement and politics.

The success of the dialectic principle depends on understanding any situation in totality, and then adopting tactics, understanding the positive and negative aspects of anything, implementing the positive aspects, and then making concrete policies after analyzing the given situation objectively. The study of Marx philosophy is mainly the study of dialectic materialism. Its aim is not only to gain knowledge but to understand things in the light of dialectics and to follow accordingly in practice. To understand Lenin correctly, we have to understand him in the totality of all these features, and to follow him means to internalize all these specialties.

Another contribution of Lenin is that he gave the communist party a solid organizational base and then gave a revolutionary form to it. Marx and Angles gave birth to the philosophy of the communist party, but they did not give a concrete organizational form for it. So, the communist league organized by them was dissolved soon. The then-socialistic movement had not taken any concrete form organizationally even during the period of the first and second international. Lenin tried to establish a communist party with different organizational structures based on the experience of the communist league and both internationals. Lenin observed that the party of proletarian should not be loose like that of the bourgeois party and it should be well organized and disciplined with a high-level proletarian worldview. Lenin built such a party and the socialistic revolution was carried out under its leadership in Russia. Certainly, this is a great contribution to the history of the world communist movement.

Today, the world communist movement is in a very weak and defensive position. Capitalism has been restored in previously socialist countries, and there has been a decline in the communist character among the communist parties of other countries too. If the communist parties remain stagnant, the communist movement will certainly suffer further in the future. We have to prevent this trend and, it is how the communist movement will move further. It is the responsibility of communists worldwide to seek the answer regarding the possibility of moving in that direction. The future of the world communist movement depends on how far they succeed in seeking the correct answer. Certainly, this is true superficially and subjectively. Materialistic condition is the decisive factor in shaping the future of the communist movement. Materialistic conditions mainly the socialization process in the productive forces are continuously and rapidly creating a base in favor of socialism, so the victory of socialism is certain in the end. If the communist do not fulfill their responsibility materialistic conditions themselves give birth to a revolutionary force, and then the revolutionary movement will gain a new wave in its mission.

The world communist movement can be raised above from its present condition of decline to give it a powerful revolutionary form on the basis of Marxist Leninist philosophy and the proletarian worldview on one hand, and on the basis of the Leninist organizational system. We have to accept the truth that there has been a sharp decline in the spirit of the communist revolutionaries worldwide. Marx had said that today's communists should be the citizens of tomorrow's communist society. It means the awareness and cultural level should be as per the awareness and the cultural level of the citizens of future communist society. Education of Marxist Leninist philosophy and worldview can raise the awareness level of today's communists. In the absence of such thinking and perspective, our thinking will be as low a standard as that of the capitalist or petty bourgeois. We have to sincerely make an analysis or self-criticism about it. How far have we been able to succeed in rising above capitalist and petty bourgeois levels of thinking? How far we will succeed in achieving the revolutionary transformation of the communist movement depends upon the correct answer to the above.

Capitalism teaches us to get centered around individual interests. How far a communist can become a true communist depends upon how far he/she succeeds to come out of it. We will become true communists in a real sense if we develop our high revolutionary spirit by coming out of the circle of individual interest and by dedicating ourselves to the service of laborious people, society, party, and revolution. Proletarian revolutionary worldview empowers us for it, and Marxist Leninist philosophy facilitates it.

The decline in the Marxist Leninist understanding and proletarian worldview has affected the communist parties' organization system. It is widely known that there is always a conflict between organizational systems based on Lenin's democratic centralism and anarchism. In anarchism, an individual is at the center of an independent thought system. The basis of democratic centralism is collectivism and it puts individual interest in favor of collective interest. But anarchism and individualism are opposite of it. It is not possible to remain disciplined under democratic centralism for the people who put themselves above the interest of society, party, and revolution. So, the Leninist organizational system is like a curse for such people. So communist parties have deviated from the Leninist organizational system in the same proportion as to the fall of the communist movement from revolutionary principles. In the same proportion, the communist movement has become weaker. In such a background, we cannot imagine rebuilding the powerful communist movement without the Leninist organizational structure.

In the end, the main problem of the world communist movement is the ideological one. The world communist movement was raised and based on Marxist Leninist revolutionary ideology, and today it has become weaker because of the decline in the ideology. So, we need to have ideological clarity and determinism to raise the communist movement further worldwide.

The end